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Impending Oil Surplus to Change the Global Energy Landscape

by Krystal

A new report from the World Bank has raised alarms about a significant oversupply of oil in the global market, predicting a historic supply-demand gap that could disrupt global economics and trade. This situation, which has only occurred twice since the mid-1800s, is set to reshape the oil industry in the coming years.

According to the World Bank’s latest Commodity Markets Outlook report, “Global oil supply is expected to exceed demand by 1.2 million barrels per day on average next year.” This level of oversupply has only been seen in two previous years: 1998 and 2020. As a result, oil prices could drop below $60 per barrel within the next six years.

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The oversupply stems from a combination of factors, including stagnant economic growth in China, the rise of electric vehicles, and an increase in trucks powered by liquefied natural gas. Additionally, non-OPEC+ nations are expected to boost production, and OPEC+ countries are continuing to pump out 7 million barrels per day—nearly double the amount they produced before the pandemic in 2019.

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While this situation raises concerns about economic instability, it could also serve as a market correction in response to the growing geopolitical tensions, particularly in the Middle East. As Axios reported earlier this week, “This new reality could keep energy prices in check even as global conflicts escalate.” It could also have a significant impact on oil production economics.

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For consumers, this market shift could provide some relief from high prices, which have been a burden since the pandemic. The World Bank forecasts a five-year low in commodity prices, with significant drops in gas and food prices expected by 2026. This could ease the financial pressure on families who have struggled with high inflation in recent years.

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However, the situation is more complicated for developing nations. While falling commodity prices might cushion the blow from geopolitical tensions, they will do little to alleviate the pain caused by soaring food prices. In developing countries, food price inflation is already double that of advanced economies. According to the World Bank, “More than 725 million people will be food insecure in 2024 due to high prices, conflict, extreme weather, and other shocks.”

For oil and gas companies, the outlook is bleak. The World Bank’s projections indicate a major supply surplus over the next decade, which could lead to significant volatility and declining revenues for oil companies. Fatih Birol, Executive Director of the International Energy Agency, emphasized the need for oil companies to adapt to the changing market conditions. “Oil companies should be preparing their strategies for the shifts taking place in the market,” he said.

Even the largest oil companies, known as supermajors, face a challenging future. Despite efforts to diversify their portfolios, the current market trends suggest that these companies will need to rethink their strategies and adjust to the new realities of global oil production and consumption. As Reuters put it, “It’s better to seek investment opportunities elsewhere.”

As the oil market braces for a period of uncertainty, the global economy and consumers are left to navigate the potential disruptions and opportunities that lie ahead.

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