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Oil, Natural Gas, and Coal Lead the Way in U.S. Rail Freight

by Krystal

Rail freight is essential to the infrastructure of the United States. It transports millions of tons of various materials and connects the nation’s ports and cities, promoting both domestic and international trade.

So, what materials did U.S. railroads transport the most in 2023?

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To answer this question, Visual Capitalist collaborated with The Greenbrier Companies. Together, they explored the significance of rail in the U.S. economy. One of rail’s greatest advantages is its versatility. In 2023, rail freight moved nearly 1.8 million metric tons of diverse materials across the country’s 140,000-mile rail network. This included everything from wood and chemicals to vehicle parts and waste products.

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However, energy products—especially coal, oil, and natural gas—were the most frequently transported materials.

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Understanding the Data

The categories used in this analysis were simplified based on information from the Bureau of Transportation Statistics. Please note that the figures have been rounded to the nearest thousand. The ‘other’ category consists of items such as electronics, precision instruments, and various miscellaneous freight.

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Why Choose Rail?

Rail is a highly versatile transportation option. It serves numerous industries and supports the U.S. economy by connecting trucking and shipping services. Rail also has a strong safety record and promotes sustainability.

According to the Federal Railroad Administration, rail accident rates have decreased by 27% since 2000. Furthermore, accidents involving hazardous materials have fallen by 75% during the same period. Rail transportation contributes only 1.8% of the greenhouse gases produced by U.S. transport, despite being responsible for moving 40% of all long-distance freight. This efficiency is attributed to rail’s fuel economy, which continues to improve each year.

In fact, in 2023, U.S. rail operations used 709 million gallons less fuel than in 2000.

Moving What Matters

Rail plays a vital role in supporting various U.S. industries. It transports essential materials across the country, connects to ports, and enables international trade.

With over 120 years of experience, Greenbrier Companies has become a global leader in freight railcar wheel services, maintenance, and parts. This expertise helps ensure that rail remains a crucial component of the economy.

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